Inoculation of Lactobacillus parafarraginis enhances silage quality, microbial community structure, and metabolic profiles in hybrid Pennisetum

Table 4 Differential amino acids of ensiled hybrid Pennisetum with different treatments

Metabolite	Category	Treatments^a			log₂ FC^b
Metabolite	Category	CON	LP	LCA	LP/CON	LCA/CON	LP/LCA
Pyroglutamic Acid	Amino acids	3,477,355	3,189,024	2,697,421	-0.12	-0.37	0.24
L-Alanine	Amino acids	2,575,054	2,670,858	2,481,429	0.05	-0.05	0.11
N-Formyl-L-Methionine	Amino acids	118,885	270,103	232,139	1.18	0.97	0.22
L-Glutamine	Amino acids	19,849	330,428	116,169	4.06	2.55	1.51
L-Arginine	Amino acids	12,995	167,648	107,600	3.69	3.05	0.64
D-Ala-D-Ala	Amino acids	191,542	66,257	109,985	-1.53	-0.80	-0.73
Citrulline	Amino acids	75,647	19,904	29,763	-1.93	-1.35	-0.58
4-Hydroxyproline	Amino acids	13,245	19,658	19,373	0.57	0.55	0.02
L-Tyrosine	Amino acids	9870	3709	13,936	-1.41	0.50	-1.91
L-Serine	Amino acids	11,537	27,590	56,736	1.26	2.30	-1.04
L-Proline	Amino acids	0	119	0	-	-	-
Aspartic Acid	Amino acids	1,127,605	3,376,890	1,784,171	1.58	0.66	0.92
L-Aspartic Acid	Amino acids	306,055	1,210,584	752,899	1.98	1.30	0.69
L-Glutamic Acid	Amino acids	759,595	518,384	508,148	-0.55	-0.58	0.03
L-Glycine	Amino acids	170,524	231,771	215,075	0.44	0.33	0.11
L-Dopa	Amino acids	180,367	193,826	182,396	0.10	0.02	0.09
S-Adenosylmethioninamine	Amines	1,059,448	428,147	501,711	-1.31	-1.08	-0.23
Serotonin	Amines	264,392	128,201	285,456	-1.04	0.11	-1.15
Dopamine	Amines	996,521	702,878	1,074,943	-0.50	0.11	-0.61
Histamine	Amines	8904	22,917	10,601	1.36	0.25	1.11

^a CON, distilled water; LP, L. parafarraginis; LCA, L. parafarraginis and citric acid
^b FC, fold-changes. Positive value means upregulation; negative value means downregulation

ISSN: 1471-2229